Effective hydrolysis for waste plant biomass impacts sustainable fuel and reduced air pollution generation: A comprehensive review

초록

Among various natural biowastes availability in the environment, agricultural residues showed great impacts. It is due to huge availability and cheap carbon source, creating big challenges for their utility and systematic reduction. Objec-tive of this review is to address the waste biomass availability and huge quantities issues and also put effort to minimize this nutrient load via biotransforming into value-added products. Different wastes (organic/inorganic) generation with their negative issues are due to numbers of developmental and social activities, reported. Currently, various efforts are found for these wastes minimization via generation of different types of value-added products (biogas, bioH2, alcoholic fuel, organic acids and others products) and these wastes in municipal cities are also reported with production of ad-vanced biofuels as promising outcomes. For hydrolysis of complex organic resources including lignocellulosic bio-masses, physicochemical, structural or compositional changes are needed that aid in conversion into sugar and organic compounds such as biofuels. So, efficient and effective pretreatment processes selection (physical, biological, chemical or combined one) is critical to achieve these hydrolysis goals and resultant cellulose or hemicellulose compo-nents can be accessible by biological catalysis. These can achieve final hydrolysis and fermentative or monomer sugars. And later, synthesis of fuels or value-added products during microbial fermentation or biotransformation processes can be achieved. This review discusses pretreatment techniques for improved hydrolysis for fermentative sugar with emphasis on reduced quantities of toxic compounds (furfural compound) in hydrolyzed biomasses. Minimum deteri-oration fuel economy also reported with production of different bioproducts including biofuels. Additionally, impacts of toxic products and gasses emission are also discussed with their minimization.

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