몽골제국 전반기(1206~1259) 킵착인의 귀부와 원정 종군 ― 카안과의 관계를 중심으로 ―

초록

The Mongols utilized the conquered people in various ways during the rise of their empire. In particular, the Kipchaks, a nomadic people of Turkic origin, were an influential tribe in the steppes of South Russia and Central Asia even before they were conquered by the Mongols. Their range of activities was wide enough to cover the inside and outside of the empire even after they were subjugated to the Mongols. The Kipchaks became the main members of the Kipchak Khanate, and occupied an important position as the central army in the Yuan Dynasty(元朝). From the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Kipchak military commanders were heavily used by the great khan for military achievements in conquest and civil war. In the late Yuan Dynasty, the Kipchaks played an active role in the dispute over the succession to the throne, producing a famous man of power called El-Temür. Because of this, the El-Temür family has been recognized as the representative and epitome of the Kipchak people, and the other Kipchak people have been treated sparingly or ignored. However, in the process of reviewing historical records, it is difficult to say that the El-Temür family had a special advantage over other Kipchaks, at least in the early Mongol Empire period (1206-1259). Rather, there is a circumstance that the El-Temür family may have started in a more disadvantageous position in the early days when the Kipchaks were subjugated. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the records of Kipchak people's subjugation, affiliation relationship, and participation in conquest from the period of Chingis Khan to Mongke Kha’an, to understand the correlation between each factor and examine how it relates to the relationship between Kipchaks and Kha’an.

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