율곡의 향촌 교육 방안 연구

초록

This paper analyzes the content and significance of the rural education policy proposed by Yulgok Yi during the mid-Joseon period. Yulgok sought to transform the customs of rural society and presented the following rural education policy. First, he emphasized the 士 (sa) class as the main agents of rural reform, arguing that they should practice moral self-cultivation rigorously to naturally influence and inspire the common people. He also believed that the sa class should serve as role models in rural society without governmental intervention and, in doing so, gain respect and honor from all social classes. To reform rural education, Yulgok also proposed a government-led educational policy. He suggested a strict qualification review for instructors (訓導, hun-do) and prioritizing local talent for appointments. In Donghomundap(東湖問答), he proposed a rotational system for utilizing regional talents, while in Hakkomobeom(學校模範), he emphasized appointing qualified individuals to enhance educational standards. Yulgok’s rural education policy aimed at moral reform in rural society and the expansion of Neo-Confucianism. Through these measures, he sought to stabilize the lives of the people and establish a strong national discipline. As such, Yulgok's rural education policy inherited Hyangchon education pursued by Confucianism, but it also shows the limitations of Hyangchon education in the middle of the Joseon Dynasty under a centralized system.

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