AI 저널리즘과 기자의 직업 정체성

초록

As generative artificial intelligence(AI) technology challenges the core knowledge and value systems of journalism, the professional identity of journalists faces a fundamental threat. Although journalists exhibit ambivalent attitudes toward AI adoption, prior research on AI adoption in journalism has remained largely confined to issues of productivity and risks. This study moves beyond these limits to explore journalists’ professional identity through the integrated lens of organizational response and individual perception toward the adoption of AI in journalism, grounded in social identity theory. We analyzed how a news organization’s AI response and journalists’ AI perceptions relate to key components of journalists’ professional identity: job satisfaction, self-efficacy, and perceptions of journalistic values and roles. Results indicate that a proactive organizational response enhances journalists’ perceptions of AI’s utility and necessity. However, this response also had a double-edged effect, boosting job satisfaction and self-efficacy while reinforcing commercialism in journalism. Furthermore, while individual AI perception was linked to stronger journalistic values, it had mixed effects on job satisfaction. This study offers a foundational contribution by conceptualizing AI as a factor that shapes professional identity through the interplay between journalists and their organizations, thereby providing a theoretical basis for future research.

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