한국 가임기 여성의 혈청 비타민 A 수준과 빈혈의 연관성: 제7기(2016-2018) 국민건강영양조사를 이용하여

초록

In Korea, vitamin A intake is consistently diminishing, with less than 60% of the recommended amount being consumed, as per the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Vitamin A plays a crucial role in growth, vision, epithelial tissue differentiation, immunity, red blood cell generation, and hematopoietic function, and has antioxidant effects. Adequate vitamin A consumption is particularly vital, especially among children and women of reproductive age in underdeveloped countries, where its deficiency can lead to a spectrum of health issues. Despite existing studies on anemia-related nutrients in Korea, there is still insufficient research on the association between vitamin A and anemia. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum vitamin A levels and anemia in women aged 15-49 years, utilizing data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018). Upon analyzing the data from 1,612 women, notable differences were observed in age, household income, health insurance type, smoking experience, serum fat levels, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit levels, serum vitamin A levels, and nutritional status. Age-specific analyses revealed additional variations in education, smoking, drinking, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), obesity, serum triglyceride levels, serum vitamin E levels, serum folate levels, and daily nutrient intake. Furthermore, an association of anemia with smoking (30-49 years), BMI (15-18 years), serum triglyceride levels, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit levels, serum vitamin A levels, and serum vitamin E levels (15-18 years) was demonstrated. Serum vitamin A displayed a negative relationship with anemia, with an increased prevalence in the ‘subnormal range’. This pioneering study in Korea explored the link and established a significant correlation between serum vitamin A levels and anemia in women of reproductive age. Even after adjusting for various factors, diminished serum vitamin A levels were associated with an elevated risk of anemia. These findings offer valuable insights for formulating guidelines on vitamin A intake and serve as foundational data for anemia prevention and treatment. Continuous research and targeted interventions are imperative to enhance vitamin A intake to mitigate anemia prevalence.

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