정책의 특성과 행위자 관계를 중심으로 살펴본 자활사업의 역사적 변화

초록

The history of self-sufficient project can be broadly divided into two stages. The first stage was during the period of the Livelihood Protection Law. Although the institution was unstable, the public-civil partnership between the government and self-sufficiency centers was horizontal, and the activities of self-sufficiency centers were autonomous. At that time, self-sufficiency project was a community welfare movement to build social economy. The second stage was the period of National Basic Livelihood Security Act(NBLSA). This period was institutionally stable, but the partnership was hierarchical, and the activities of self-sufficiency centers had less autonomy. Self-sufficiency project in the second stage were workfare aimed at rapid entry into the labor market and welfare exit. The transition from the first stage to second stage was the result of critical juncture of the currency crisis in 1997 and the enactment of NBLSA. Under new institution, self-sufficiency centers gradually became faithful implementers of it. Based on this, the interaction between the government and self-sufficiency centers moved in the direction of maintaining and deepening the designed self-sufficiency policy. However, there has been no significant change in self-sufficiency success rates, and unintended consequences such as the rejection of goals by self-sufficiency participants and the protective effects of the policy have also emerged.

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