관찰당하는 여성에서 발화하는 여성으로―우치노 겐지와 박세영의 식민지 농촌 리얼리즘 비교―

초록

This study compares the representations of rural women in colonial Korea in the works of Japanese poet Uchino Kenji and Korean poet Park Se-young, focusing on the shift from the observed woman to the speaking woman. Uchino’s poems in Tsuchikabe ni Egaku (1923) and Kachi (1930) depict Korean peasant women through the gaze of an outsider. Their labor and daily lives are depicted as picturesque—making them objects of observation, rather than subjects of expression—revealing a realism shaped by colonial distance. By contrast, Park Se-young’s poems such as Mother of the Mountain Village, Sister, and Night Raid give voice to women as agents of desire, labor, and social awareness. His realism emerges from within, transforming depiction into utterance and redefining women as speaking subjects who articulate the realities of colonial and class oppression. Through this comparison, the study argues that colonial realism was not a uniform aesthetic but a layered structure determined by who sees and who speaks. The transition from observation to speech marks a fundamental shift in the colonial literary field—from visual documentation to internal articulation. Future research will further explore the act of seeing as a critical framework for understanding how realism in Korean poetry has evolved from colonial representation to post-liberation self-expression.

키워드