｢満州国｣における地理学者に関する一考察 - 入江久夫と増田忠雄を中心として -

초록

This paper explores the perceptions of Manchuria by the central figures directly or indirectly involved in the establishment of Manchukuo, including Ryōhei Uchida, as well as Shūmei Ōkawa of the South Manchuria Railway Research Department and Kanji Ishiwara, who is regarded as a planner of Manchukuo. It also presents a detailed account of the thoughts and activities of Hisao Irie and Tadao Masuda of the South Manchuria Railway Research Department. Hisao Irie, at the request of the Kwantung Army, participated in the planning and implementation of the Manchurian agricultural immigration project and made a significant contribution to the stable governance of Manchukuo. Further, Irie proposed various methodologies such as “new farming techniques” and “subsidiary occupations” to provide stable livelihoods for the settler farmers who had migrated to Manchukuo. In addition, based on his experience and knowledge obtained through various activities at the South Manchuria Railway Research Department, Masuda tried to make his best effort to establish a “new geopolitics.” This attempt departed from the existing “core of geopolitical thought,” namely “Kōdō-shugi” (the ideology of Imperial Way) and the Japanese homeland, and proposed the “Manchurian geopolitics”, placing Manchukuo at its core. Above all, it was centered on “Manchurian geopolitics” in exploring the underlying logic and potential for realizing the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.

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