뇌졸중 환자의 낙상 또는 골절 관련 위험요인 분석: 2020년 건강보험심사평가원 환자표본자료 분석

초록

Purpose: This study aims to identify risk factors for falls or fractures in patients with stroke. Methods: In this secondary data analysis study, data were extracted from the 2020 patient sample dataset provided by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). The independent variables were categorized into 4 characteristics: 3 general characteristics, 13 diagnostic characteristics, 8 medication characteristics, and 5 treatment characteristics. The data were analyzed using SAS for Windows version 9.4 software. The frequencies of the independent variables were examined, and x2 tests were conducted to determine whether there were significant differences between falls or fractures and the independent variables. To identify the risk factors for falls or fractures, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to determine hazard ratios. Results: Among 13,629 patients with stroke, 925 (6.78%) experienced falls or fractures. Eight risk factors for falls or fractures in patients with stroke were identified: elderly patients aged 75 years and above, degenerative arthritis, osteoporosis, opioid medication, antidepressant medication, fluid treatment, a history of surgery, and no specialized rehabilitation therapy Conclusion: It is necessary to develop fall prevention education programs based on the identified eight risk factors, and to conduct studies to validate their effectiveness.

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