Zeolite nanosheet-carbon composite films for high-efficiency and salt-resistant interfacial solar evaporation

초록

Interfacial solar evaporation is a promising approach for sustainable water purification. However, its large-scale implementation is limited by complex fabrication methods and salt accumulation issues. In this study, a simple, template-free, and scalable strategy is reported for the fabrication of a zeolite nanosheet-carbon (ZNC) composite film via one-step solution coating and pyrolysis. The carbon matrix provided a broadband solar absorption capability, whereas the embedded zeolite nanosheets enhanced the surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and water transport. Critically, the ZNC film also exhibited a passive salt-rejection capability without requiring polymer membranes or external desalting processes. Under 1 sun illumination, the optimized ZNC film achieved a stable water evaporation rate of similar to 2.0 kg m(-2) h(-1) with a similar to 91 % solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency. Detailed characterization and control experiments revealed that this performance enhancement arose from multiple synergistic effects, including light trapping due to surface texturing, rapid capillary-driven water replenishment, interfacial water structuring with reduced enthalpic barriers, and efficient heat localization. Long-term operation under saline conditions further demonstrated the robust antifouling behavior and structural stability of the developed system. Overall, this study highlights the potential of zeolite-carbon hybrids for use as practical highperformance evaporators for solar-driven desalination.

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