글로벌 사우스 영향 아래 러시아와 사우디아라비아의 외교관계 분석

초록

The rise of the Global South is reshaping the international order. Amid the chaos of the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian War and the Gaza conflict, countries are maneuvering to ensure their security and advance their national interests. In this multipolar international system, solidarity among emerging nations is becoming more prominent, exemplified by the growing participation in BRICS. This study examines the foreign strategies of Russia and Saudi Arabia within the context of the Global South's influence and analyzes the development of diplomatic relations between these two countries. Russia, as a leading country in fostering BRICS solidarity, views the Global South phenomenon as a counterbalance to the Western-dominated unipolar system. Meanwhile, Saudi Arabia seeks to leverage Global South solidarity as part of its foreign strategy to achieve economic diversification and establish itself as a key player in regional security. The two nations are strengthening cooperative ties through oil collaborations and expanded trade, prioritizing their respective national interests. This relationship between Russia and Saudi Arabia can be analyzed through the lens of neoclassical realism, drawing on Sweller’s 'balance of interests theory'. Although the two countries appear to be cooperating to serve their own interests, unlike in the past, there are clear limits to the continued development of their relationship.

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