Development of a high-precision 3D bioprinter system using a screw-based dispenser for microextrusion

초록

3D bioprinting creates biological structures by layering bioinks with living cells or biomaterials. Microextrusion, a type of 3D bioprinting, uses pneumatic, piston, or screwmethodsto extrude bioink precisely. The reliabilityof 3D bioprinting depends on bioink characteristics, printing conditions, and printer accuracy.Thus, a 3D bioprinter that effectively controls these factors is essential to facilitate 3D bioprinting. In this study, we developed a high-precision 3D bioprinter system (HP-BPS) with a high-accuracy 3D plotting system and a screw-based dispenser. Evaluation of reducers installed on the X-and Y-axis driving systems decreased motion error by up to 97%. Geometric errors of the HP-BPS were measured using a laser interferometry system. Through the application of iterative position error compensation techniques, a position accuracy within +/- 2.0 mu m was achieved. In specific carboxymethyl cellulose concentrations (15% and 20%), the HP-BPS was able to produce uncollapsed bioink struts. The HP-BPS successfully fabricated 1 x 1 mm2 bioscaffolds with 0.2 mm struts by design of experiments and response surface methodology. These results suggest the potential of the HP-BPS for various tissue engineering applications in soft tissue construction, such as skin and blood vessels.

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