Extracellular vesicle: the future personalized, targeted drug therapy towards cancer management

초록

Conventional cancer therapy has failed to show target-based efficiency. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have drawn significant attention, providing cancer treatment with a fresh perspective. EV is a collection of lipid-bound cargo, tiny capsules of various sizes playing a crucial part in cellular communication and control inside and between cells. Extracellular vesicles, like exosomes, apoptotic bodies, and microvesicles, are known for their functionality. EV has significance in every stage of cancer, beginning with tumorigenesis, immunological tolerance, angiogenesis, metastasis, and much more. This chapter discusses alternate approaches and advancements to target and destroy cancer using various EVs as diagnostic, prognostic, immunomodulatory, and therapeutic biomarkers for improved cancer therapy. Modifications on EV have reached too high to exhibit efficient target drug delivery, crossing the drug-resistant barriers and immunotolerance by fusion protein, genetic modification (si-RNA), and surface biochemical modifications. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

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