RETRACTION: Intimately coupled gC3N4 photocatalysis and mixed culture biofilm enhanced detoxification of sulfamethoxazole: Elucidating degradation mechanism and toxicity assessment

초록

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor. The ‘Dark’ trace of Fig. 8b is noted on PubPeer at https://pubpeer.com/publications/F7C9DD76EE38A0EFAE2489702E64A8 to be composed of a number of repeated sections. Identical ‘Dark’ traces appear in Fig. 7c of Environmental Research, 235 (2023) 116558, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.116558 and Fig. 7b of Chemosphere, 336 (2023) 139210, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139210. The author did not provide a satisfactory explanation for the repeating nature of this trace when requested by the editor who has therefore lost confidence in the reliability of the findings presented in this article and is retracting it. Dr Sathishkumar does not agree with the retraction and disputes the grounds for it. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.