백령도와 수도권의 PM2.5와 PM10의 시·공간적 특성

초록

Particulate Matter (PM) pollution in South Korea is a complex issue influenced by external sources such as Asian dust transport, transboundary anthropogenic emissions, and domestic emissions. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 using data collected from air quality research stations on Baeangnyeong Island and in the Seoul Metropolitan Area throughout 2022. PM concentrations were generally lower from summer to early autumn and increased from late autumn to spring. On Baeangnyeong Island, weekend PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were 1.3 and 3.1 μ g/m³ higher than on weekday levels, respectively, whereas in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, weekend levels were 0.9 and 1.0 μg/m³ higher than on weekdays, respectively. On Baengnyeong Island, PM concentrations tended to increase during the nighttime and early morning hours, with daytime increases observed in summer. In contrast, Seoul exhibited a daytime decrease in PM concentrations during spring, whereas higher concentrations typically occurred during the day, and lower levels occurred at night in other seasons. A conditional Probability Function analysis at Baengnyeong Island indicated the strong influence of westerly winds, highlighting the impact of transboundary pollution. Local emission sources were found to play a dominant role in Seoul. Potential Source Contribution Function analysis for Baengnyeong Island identified major source regions in eastern and south-central China, including Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, and Hunan provinces. High PM episodes were primarily associated with westerly winds from eastern China. In Seoul, long-range transported pollutants were primarily traced to the Shandong Peninsula, Bohai Bay, and eastern China.

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