19세기 평안도 유학자 박문일의 현실 인식과 강학 공간 건립

초록

This article examines the reality perception and local activities of Park Mun-il(朴文一) and Park Mun-o(朴文五), which were called ‘Guanxifuzi(關西夫子)’, referring to Confucian scholars representing Pyeongan province(平安道). In the late 19th century, when the brothers were active, Joseon faced a crisis of state and Confucianism due to internal and external confusion. They maintained Wijong Choksa(衛正斥邪)'s position and tried to overcome the real problems through the establishment of educational institutions such as ‘Hakjae(學齋)’. They recognized that the causes of the crisis faced by the state and Confucianism abroad were Seohak(西學) and Donghak(東學), and tried to reject them. As a way to overcome the crisis, he worked hard to restore the memory of the founder of Joseon Confucianism and the Gija(箕子) who symbolized civilization and the place where his memories remained. Furthermore, in order for Pyeongan province to become the best in civilization and learning again, it recognized the urgent need to implement education and built and operated Hakjae, an educational institution, in various places. After the Seowon(書院) was abolished, the brothers were actively involved in building and operating Hakjae, which could play the role of a school in Pyeongan province. In addition to Hakjae, which they were educating, they built Hakjae in a nearby area and dispatched their disciples there as teachers. The background was the policy of governor of Pyeongan province interested in the restoration and expansion of educational institutions. Those who studied in these Hakjae also advanced to the bureaucracy during the Korean Empire(大韓帝國), and some Hakjae turned into modern schools and continued their existence.

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