Screening of PCDDs/Fs and DL-PCBs by AhR-CALUX bioassay in bovine milk and environment ash from India

초록

Objectives Persistent organic pollutants have great public concerns due to their wide distribution, physicochemical property, persistent in the environment and high toxicity level. PCDD/PCDFs and PCBs are produced unintentionally and occurs as a by-product in many chemical processes. Physicochemical and biological resistance of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs results in contamination of air, water, soil and foods. This study provides an overview of dioxins and dioxin-related compounds contamination in bovine milk and ash samples in south India, Tamil Nadu. Methods PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs were analyzed from the bovine milk and ash samples collected from the urban and rural area of the South part of India, Tamil Nadu using chemically activated luciferase expression (CALUX) assay. The CALUX assay method validation has simplified the monitoring of dioxin and dioxin like-PCBs contamination in the environment. Results The total toxic equivalency (TEQ) for PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in the bovine milk samples were ranged from 0.028 to 7.331-pg TEQ/g fat. Some of the districts showed higher PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs concentration in milk and ash samples. Further, BM14 (7.331 pg-TEQ/g fat) and BM21 (6.406 pg-TEQ/g fat) sampling sites showed exceed level of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs than WHO regulation limits (6 pg-TEQ/g fat). Similarly, total dioxins and DL-PCBs concentration in the ash sample were between 0.003 and 1 ng TEQ/g. Samples from AS3 (1.2 ng-TEQ/g) and AS11 (1.06 ng-TEQ/g) showed higher total dioxins and DL-PCBs level among other sampling sites. Conclusion This study found distribution of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in bovine milk and ash samples collected from nine different major districts namely, which were highly populated and industrialized districts of South India (Tamil Nadu). Higher PCDD/Fs concentration was found in both bovine milk and ash samples compared to DL-PCBs. However, there was no positive correlation between bovine milk and ash samples.

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