점적관수와 분수 호스의 복합기능을 가진 분사 충돌 드리퍼 개발

초록

In 2019, the rural population decreased by 70,000 compared to the previous year, with individuals aged 60 and older accountingfor 69% of the total rural population, exacerbating labor shortages. Additionally, climate change has caused severe damage not onlythrough heat waves and droughts but also to agricultural production, making it essential to reduce agricultural water consumption andresource waste. Currently, farmers use spray hoses for early seedling growth after sowing and drip tapes during the crop growth stage. However, using these two irrigation devices together increases labor and costs while reducing irrigation efficiency, leading to waterwaste and excessive irrigation-related waste. This study aims to address these issues by developing a hybrid spray hose that combines the long-distance spraying function of spray hoses with the direct drip irrigation capability of drip tapes. To achieve this, a collision-typedripper was designed to perform both functions solely through supply pressure. The internal flow path was optimized by adjusting factorssuch as collision angle, overlap rate, cross-sectional shape and size, and supply pressure, enabling simultaneous long-distance sprayingand direct drip irrigation. Experimental evaluations of various dripper design conditions at collision angles of 20° and 30° revealed thatthe dripper with a 30° collision angle, an overlap rate of 30.0% (0.50×0.50 mm), and an overlap distance of 0.15 mm demonstratedthe best performance. This design allows for direct drip irrigation at low pressure (0.5 bar) and long-distance diffusion spraying at higherpressures (1.0–2.0 bar), effectively replacing conventional spray hoses and drip tapes with a single device. This study presents designcriteria for the practical application of hybrid spray hoses and is expected to contribute to reducing agricultural labor demands, irrigationcosts, water consumption, and irrigation-related waste

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