Application of Fluorescence Excitation Emission Matrices for Diagnosis and Source Identification of Watershed Pollution : a Review

초록

The constituents of a watershed control a wide range of ecosystem processes such as carbon sequestration, nutrient retention and preservation of biodiversity. Maintenance of a healthy watershed is advantageous to humans in many direct and indirect ways. Dissolved organic matter fluorescence analysis is one of the most commonly utilized parameters for water quality measurements, pollution source tracking, and the determination of the ecological states of a watershed. Throughout the recent decades, the advancement of data processing, instrumentation, and methods has resulted in many improvements in the area of watershed study with the fluorescence analysis. The current trend of coupling advanced instrumentations as well as the association of new comparative parameters such as microplastics of different types, antibiotics, and specific bacterial contaminants were observed in the area of watershed studies. However, the conventional methodologies of obtaining the fluorescence excitation emission matrices, calculation of the fluorescence and spectral indices are still thriving over advanced methods due to the easiness and straightforward nature of the data collection. This review aims to gain a general understanding of the use of dissolved organic matter fluorescence analysis for diagnosis and source identification of watershed pollutions, focusing how the field of watershed studies has utilized the fluorescence analysis to improve existing knowledge and techniques in recent years.

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