일본어 원격 접촉장면에서 「웃음」의 기능적 분석 － 「화자 웃음」과 「청자 웃음」의 관점에서 －

초록

The current study aimed to analyze the following research questions: (1) who uses laughter and in what forms, (2) what effects and functions laughter has in discourse progression, and (3) how laughter usage differs with role changes between speaker and listener. The main findings are as follows: 1. It was observed that learners exhibited a higher frequency of laughter compared to native speakers. Regarding the forms of laughter, it was also confirmed that “speaker laughter” accounted for a greater number of instances than the “listener laughter.” 2. Overall, the occurrence patterns of laughter and “speaker laughter” were similar regardless of the distinction between the speaker and listener. Among the native Japanese speakers, laughter was predominantly used in the order of “A. Conversation Facilitation” > “C. Conversation Continuation” > “B. Tension Relief.” By contrast, the Japanese language learners primarily utilized laughter in the order of “A. Conversation Facilitation” > “B. Tension Relief” > “C. Conversation Continuation.” Functionally, the native speakers frequently employed “C-2: Laughter used when unsure about an appropriate response (to temporarily maintain the conversation),” whereas the learners more commonly used “B-1: Laughter added to content belonging to their own domain.” 3. For “listener laughter,” both native Japanese speakers and learners exhibited laughter effects in the order of “A. Conversation Facilitation” > “B. Tension Relief” > “C. Conversation Continuation.” Functionally, a notable feature was the prominence of “A-2: Laughter to share the speaker's thoughts and actively participate in the conversation,” in addition to “C-2: Laughter used when unsure about an appropriate response (to temporarily maintain the conversation).“

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