코어 안정화 및 움직임 운동이 비특이적 요통 환자의 코어근육의 질과 신경근 활성화에 미치는 영향

초록

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of core exercises combining stabilization and dynamic movements in non-specific low back pain patients, by assessing muscle properties and neuromuscular activation. Thirty to forty-year-old adults with mild low back pain, as determined by Korean Oswestry disability index (KODI) questionnaire scores, were divided into two groups: the stabilization exercise group (SG, n=10) and the dynamic exercise group (DG, n=10). Participants in each group performed the exercise training twice a week for four weeks. KODI scores were measured before and after the intervention to assess subjective pain levels, while maximum muscle activation and muscle endurance were measured to assess neuromuscular function. Additionally, changes in the structural and qualitative characteristics of the muscles were assessed using the echo intensity (EI) and muscle thickness (MT) of ultrasound images in the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), transverse abdominis (TRA), and multifidus (MF). Both SG and DG showed significant improvement in KODI scores after 4 weeks of exercise (p<.01). In the changes of EI, SG showed significant decreases in RA, EO, IO and MF (p<.05), while DG showed significant decreases in RA, EO, IO, TRA, and MF (p<.05). In the changes of MT, SG showed a significant increase in EO and TRA (p<.05), while DG showed significant increases in EO (p<.01). In maximum muscle activation, SG showed significant increases in EO (p<.05). In muscle endurance, SG showed significant increases in pron bridge, lateral bridge, and extensor endurance (p<.05), while DG showed significant increases in pron bridge, lateral bridge, and flexor endurance (p<.01). This study compared the effects of 4 weeks of SG and DG core exercises on non-specific low back pain patients, confirming that both exercises positively affect core function improvement. In particular, SG exercise was more effective in enhancing maximum strength output, while DG exercise showed greater effectiveness in improving muscle endurance and structural and qualitative muscle characteristics. These results suggest that both exercise modalities contribute to core function improvement in distinct ways, highlighting the need for further research to optimize exercise protocols for this population.

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