Fabrication and electrochemical performance of Ni-Cu carbonate/ hydroxide-based electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors

초록

The increasing usage of high -performance equipment necessitates the exploration of new energy storage solutions. Supercapacitors offer significant advantages over secondary batteries, including longer lifespan, faster charge/discharge rates, higher power density, and greater reliability. Three-dimensional porous NiCu(CO3)(OH)2 nanowires were directly synthesized on Ni foam using a binder -free hydrothermal method as positive electrodes in high -performance supercapacitors. The unique nanowire structure of NiCu(CO3)(OH)2 plays a pivotal role in enhancing electrical performance by providing substantial surface area, improving electrode/electrolyte contact, and shortening ion diffusion paths. The use of Niand Cu-based binary transition metal electrodes contributes to high specific capacitance, rapid charge-discharge rates, and excellent cycling stability, collectively resulting in the development of high-capacity supercapacitors. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations were employed to elucidate the electrode formation energy based on the Ni/Cu ratio, assessing the structural stability of electrodes and offering insights for future energy storage device development. The optimized NiCu(CO3)(OH)2 nanowire compound exhibited an outstanding maximum specific capacity of 211.1 mAh g-1 at 3 A g-1. Furthermore, an asymmetric supercapacitor was constructed using the NiCu(CO3)(OH)2 composite as the positive electrode and graphene as the negative electrode. The resulting asymmetric supercapacitors demonstrate a remarkable energy density of 26.7 W h kg -1 at a power density of 2534 W kg -1, along with exceptional cycling stability, retaining 91.3% of its capacity after 5000 cycles. Consequently, the asymmetric supercapacitors incorporating NiCu(CO3)(OH)2 exhibit superior electrical properties compared to most previously reported Niand Cu-based asymmetric supercapacitors.

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