18~19세기 노상추 소유 노비의 활동과 특징

초록

This study examines the lives of slaves owned by the Noh Sang-chu family in the 18th and 19th centuries through the analysis of household registers(1774–1831) and the Diary of Noh Sang-chu. The records include seven entries from the 18th century and eleven from the 19th century. The number of slaves rose from 27 in 1774 to 52 in 1795, then stabilized at around 10–20 from 1810 onward. Male slaves consistently outnumbered females. Slaves performed various duties such as farming, letter delivery, serving the master, and house construction. Some attempted to escape; while early responses involved harsh punishments, later efforts focused on persuading return voluntarily. The 18th century, many out-residing slaves lived near their master's home in regions like Gaer-yeong and In-dong near Seon-san, a pattern unique to the Noh family. By the 19th century, most slaves lived in the same area as their master, aligning with trends seen in other households and seowon. Marriage patterns shifted over time: female ban slaves often married male private slaves in the 18th century, while unions with male commoners became more frequent in the 19th. Most slave families were two-generation households, though four-generation families also appeared. The fact that in the 18th century, out-residing slaves lived near their master's residence distinguishes the Noh family's slaves from those of other households. In contrast, the 19th-century pattern of slaves living near their master's residence was similar to trends observed in other households and among seowon slaves. The presence of both ban slaves and private slaves in the Noh family shows a distinct pattern compared to other families, whereas the prevalence of female ban slaves and male commoners marriages mirrors trends seen in other noble households. Through such case studies, it becomes possible to more concretely understand the general conditions and roles of slaves during the 18th and 19th centuries.

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