아동과 청소년이 지각한 부모 양육태도 잠재유형에 따른 심리사회적 적응의 차이

초록

Parenting attitudes have long been recognized as critical environmental factors shaping children’s and adolescents’ psychosocial development. However, parenting practices often involve both supportive and controlling aspects simultaneously, and their developmental implications may differ across life stages. This study aimed to identify the latent profiles of perceived parenting attitudes among children and adolescents and to examine differences in psychosocial adjustment—specifically depression, somatization, and school adjustment—across the identified profiles. Data were drawn from the 2021 National Survey of Youth Mental Health in Korea, including 5,937 students from elementary to high school. Latent Profile Analysis and the BCH method were conducted using Mplus 8.9 and SPSS 29.0. Results revealed four common profiles across both age groups: cold–confused, moderate–balanced, supportive–structured, and overinvolved–ambivalent. The supportive–structured group showed the lowest levels of depression and somatization and the highest school adjustment, while the cold–confused group demonstrated the most vulnerable outcomes across all domains. Notably, the overinvolved–ambivalent group displayed developmental shifts, with relatively high school adjustment but coexisting emotional difficulties in childhood, and decreased overall adjustment in adolescence. These findings highlight the complex and developmental nature of parenting attitudes and underscore the need for differentiated parent education, counseling interventions, and policy support tailored to developmental stages.

키워드