전쟁 소설 <하지 무라트>의 작가이자 사상가로서 톨스토이: 반전사상과 예술적 구현

초록

After undergoing a mental transformation, Tolstoy argued that art should convey good feelings based on religious consciousness. Hadji Murat was created during this period. At that time, Tolstoy advocated the Nonviolence and Nonresistance grounded in religious doctrine, but the real Hadji Murat was a brave warrior and war-hero who acted in ways that contradicted Tolstoy’s artistic theory. Hadji Murat, which was created over a long period and went through multiple versions, introduces various characters surrounding the protagonist, clearly revealing the structures that cause war and the meaning of war through them. Furthermore, the protagonist Hadji Murat does not fight for the "Gazavat," but instead shows an inevitable violence driven by desperate circumstances for the sake of his family community. He resists the oppression of the Caucasian War with indomitable vitality, yet without seeking justification for violence, he responds through death. In this way, the work once again emphasizes the futility of war and violence. Although Tolstoy doubted and questioned himself throughout the process of creating Hadji Murat, he remains faithful not to the rational approach of history as a discipline but to an artistic mode rooted in feeling, conveying the meaning of resistance to war and violence.

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