Construction of self-healing polycaprolactone composite foams with segregated structure for superior electromagnetic interference shielding

초록

Electromagnetic interference shielding materials are inevitably damaged during service, causing a serious decline in their shielding performance. Therefore, it is urgent to develop polymer-based composites with excellent electromagnetic shielding and self-healing properties. In this study, a layered foam/film structure polycaprolactone composite characterized by electric/magnetic bifunctionality was constructed by a hot-pressing process and supercritical carbon dioxide foaming. The microcellular framework offers rich heterogeneous interfaces and improves electromagnetic attenuation capabilities. Such a reasonable construction of asymmetric shielding networks optimizes the impedance matching, while the incident electromagnetic waves form a special attenuation mode of "absorption-reflection-reabsorption". The polycaprolactone composite foam exhibits an excellent electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 53.6 dB in the X-band and a low reflection value of only 0.36, effectively reducing secondary pollution. In addition, the damaged polycaprolactone composite foam exhibits over 93 % electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness and healing efficiency, ensuring the long-term stability of the material in practical applications. (c) 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

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